TB-220804-V-4.13 Thermodynamic Cycles of Reciprocating Machines Laboratory Equipment Didactic Equipment Heat Transfer Experiment Equipment

TB-220804-V-4.13 Thermodynamic Cycles of Reciprocating Machines Laboratory Equipment Didactic Equipment Heat Transfer Experiment Equipment

I.Introduction of thermal dynamics

Thermodynamics is a discipline that studies the properties and laws of thermal motion of matter from a macroscopic perspective. It belongs to the branch of physics, and it and statistical physics constitute the macroscopic and microscopic aspects of thermal theory respectively.

Thermodynamics mainly studies the thermal properties of matter from the point of view of energy transformation. It suggests the macroscopic laws that energy follows when transforming from one form to another, and summarizes the thermal theory obtained from the macroscopic phenomena of matter. Thermodynamics does not investigate the microscopic structure of matter composed of a large number of microscopic particles, but only cares about the thermal phenomena exhibited by the system as a whole and the basic laws that must be followed for its change and development. It is satisfied to describe and determine the state of the system with a few macroscopic state quantities that can be directly felt and observed, such as temperature, pressure, volume, concentration, etc. Through a large number of observations and experiments on thermal phenomena in practice, it is found that there is a relationship between the macroscopic state quantities, and their changes are mutually restrained. In addition to the properties of matter, the constraint relationship must also follow some basic thermal laws that are applicable to any matter, such as the zeroth law of thermodynamics, the first law of thermodynamics, the second law of thermodynamics, and the third law of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is the basis and starting point of the above-mentioned basic laws obtained from experimental observations, applying mathematical methods, and through logical deduction, to obtain the relationship between various macroscopic properties of matter and the direction and limit of macroscopic physical processes, so it belongs to phenomenology. theory, and the conclusions drawn from it have a high degree of reliability and generality.

II.Technical specifications

Equipment shall cover at least the following laboratory works:

▪ study   of   the   construction   and   operation principle of a reciprocating compressor

▪ study of the process of air compression in the compressor with one-stage and two-stage compression with intermediate cooling

▪ determination of the polytropic index in various processes

▪ determination  of  heat  output  amount  during intermediate air cooling between stages

▪ study of air cooling during adiabatic outflow from the receiver

▪ determination  of  the  indicator  diagram  of  a reciprocating compressor and its comparison with the theoretical one

Build

▪ laboratory

▪ electrical

Equipment shall include the following main parts ▪ reciprocating compressor

▪ electronic control unit

▪ sensors (temperature, pressure and flow)

▪ possibility to connect the equipment to laptop

▪ all designations, inscriptions and symbols on the equipment and devices shall be in Russian and/or English

Special software

▪ availability

▪ possibility to process data on computer

▪ interface in Russian and/or English

Power supply

▪ 220V±10%, 50Hz

▪ 380 V, 50Hz

III.Delivery set

▪ Equipment  shall  be  supplied  as  a  complete  delivery  set  and  shall  be compatible with design and functionality

▪ Delivery set shall include, but not be limited to:

1.   Thermodynamic   Cycles   of   Reciprocating   Machines   Laboratory Equipment – 1 set
2. Laptop connecting cables – 1 set
3. Special software – 1 set
4. Laptop (CPU frequency of at least 2.3 GHz (at minimum load); 4 processor cores; at least 6 processor threads; L3 Cache – 8 MB; RAM – DDR4; at least 8 GB of memory; frequency at least 2933 MHz; SSD 512GB; M.2 PCIe NVMe; USB Type-A – 2 pcs.; USB Type C – 1 pc.; HDMI port; Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 5.0 adapters; display: 1920×1080; screen size 15.6 inches; 250 nits; IPS with LED backlight; matte screen; stereo speakers, microphone  and  built-in  camera),  including  mouse,  power supply with cable and bag for storage and carrying – 1 set
5. Description of possible laboratory works with Thermodynamic Cycles of Reciprocating Machines Laboratory Equipment application – 1 set
6. Tools for installation and maintenance of the Thermodynamic Cycles of Reciprocating Machines Laboratory Equipment – 1 set
7. Accessories, spare parts and consumables not listed above, but recommended by the Manufacturer – 1 set