- Description
- Inquiry
SL377 Convection and radiation educational equipment for schools Thermal Educational Equipment
- Description
Under real conditions, the heat transport between two objects is normally substance-bound, ie convection and/or heat conduction, and not substance-bound, ie radiation, at the same time. Determining the individual heat quantities of one type of transfer is difficult .
The SL 377 trainer enables users to match the individual heat quantities to the corresponding type of transfer. The core element is a heated metal cylinder located at the centre of the pressure vessel. The surface temperature of the heated metal cylinder is controlled. The surface temperature of the metal cylinder and the wall temperature of the pressure vessel.
The pressure vessel can be put under vacuum or positive gauge pressure. In the vacuum, heat is transported primarily by radiation. If the vessel is filled with gas and is under positive gauge pressure, heat is also transferred by convection. It is possible to compare The heat transfer in different gases. In addition to air, nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide or other gases are also suitable.
Heat transport by conduction is largely suppressed by adequately suspending the metal cylinder.
2, can be realised with compressed air. Two pressure sensors with suitable measuring ranges are available for the pressure measurement: a Pirani sensor measures the negative Pressure while a piezo-resistive sensor measures the positive pressure.
The measured values can be read on digital displays.
- Technical details
Specification
Heat transfer between heated metal cylinder and vessel wall by convection and radiation
Operation with various gases possible
Experiments in vacuum or at a slight positive gauge pressure
Electric heated metal cylinder in the pressure vessel as
Temperature-controlled heating element
Vacuum generation with rotary vane pump
Instrumentation: 1 temperature sensor on the metal cylinder, 1 power sensor at the heating element, 1 Pirani pressure sensor, 1 piezo-resistive pressure sensor
Digital displays for temperature, pressure and heating power
Technical data
Heating element
Output: 20W
Radiation surface area: approx. 61cm2
Pressure vessel
Pressure: -1…1,5bar
Volume: 11L
Pump for vacuum generation
Power consumption: 250W
Nominal suction capacity: 5m3/h
Final pressure with gas ballast: 3*10-3mbar
Final pressure without gas ballast: 3*10-3mbar
Measuring ranges
Negative pressure: 0,5*10-3…1000mbar
Pressure: -1…1,5bar rel.
Temperature: 0…250°C
Power: 0…23W
230V, 50Hz, 1 phase
230V, 60Hz, 1 phase; 120V, 60Hz, 1 phase
UL/CSA optional
Required for operation
Compressed air: min. 1,5bar
PC with Windows recommended
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[1] examination and comparison of various heat exchanger types
[2] five different types of heat exchangers included in the scope of delivery
[3] finned heat exchanger with fan
[4] operating mode (parallel flow or counter flow) selectable via valves
[5] flow rates adjustable via valves
[6] electromagnetic flow meter
[7] digital displays for temperature, pressure differences and flow rate
[8] hot & cold water benches available for
independent operation
[9] water/steam heat exchanger unit and electrical steam
Generator available for further experiments
[10] software for data acquisition via USB under Windows Vista or
Windows 7
Technical Data
Plate heat exchanger, 10 plates
– heat transfer surface area: approx. 0,26m²
– capacity: 15kW
Tubular heat exchanger
– heat transfer surface area: 0,1m²
– heat transfer surface area (coil): 0,17m²
Shell and tube heat exchanger
– capacity: 13kW
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– heat transfer surface area: approx. 2,8m²
– max. flow rate fan: 780m³/h
– max. pressure difference fan: 430Pa
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– heat transfer surface area (vessel): 0,16m²
– heat transfer surface area (coil): 0,17m²
Measuring ranges
– differential pressure air: 0…10mbar
– differential pressure water: 0…1000mbar
– flow rate: 0…3m³/h
– temperature: 0…100°C
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investigation of the pressure losses of flow through pipes
– measurement of the pressure differential on different pipe sections
– influence of various pipe diameters
– influence of different materials and surface roughness
– effect of the flow velocity
– comparison between experiment and theory
Specification
[1] investigation of friction-induced pressure losses in flow through pipes
[2] pipe elements are commercially standard components in heating and sanitary engineering
[3] clear panel mounted on a sturdy, movable frame
[4] four measuring sections with different pipe crosssections and materials
[5] pipe sections can be selected via ball valves
[6] water connections made using quick-release couplings in the inflow and return
[7] flow can be adjusted via valves
[8] flow measurement using rotameter
[9] differential pressure measurement via differential pressure meter with display
Technical Data
Pipe sections measuring length: 1000mm
– pipe section 1: transparent plastic, diameter: 20×1,5mm
– pipe section 2: steel, diameter: 1/2″
– pipe section 3: copper, diameter: 18x1mm
– pipe section 4: copper, diameter: 15x1mm
Differential pressure meter
Measuring ranges- flow rate: 150…1600L/h- differential pressure: -350mbar…350mbar
Dimensions and Weight LxWxH: 1650x700x1850mm Weight: approx. 92kg
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– determination of pump characteristics, system characteristics and the operating point
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[1] investigation of the pressure losses at contractions, pipe angles, pipe bends, valves and fittings and pipe elements of different diameter
[2] pipe elements are commercially standard components in heating and sanitary engineering
[3] clear panel mounted on a sturdy, movable frame
[4] closed water circuit with pump and tank
[5] integrated bleed valve on manometer and in the pipe section
[6] flow measurement using rotameter
[7] measurement of the pressure distribution at
13 pressure measuring points, display with 13 tube manometers
Technical Data
Pump – 3 stages – max. flow rate: 4,5m³/h – max. head: 6m
Tank: approx. 5L
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Specification
[1] investigation of the pipe friction in laminar or turbulent flow on Hydraulic Bench
[2] transparent tank with overflow ensures constant water inlet pressure in the pipe section for experiments with laminar flow
[3] water supply via Base Module ( Hydraulic Bench) or via laboratory supply for experiments with turbulent flow
[4] flow rate adjustment via valves
[5] twin tube manometer for measurements in laminar flow
[6] dial-gauge manometer for measurements in turbulent flow
[7] flow rate determined by base module Hydraulic Bench
[8] water supply using base module ( Hydraulic Bench) or via laboratory supply
* Diameter of test pipe : 3.0mm ( Bore)
* Length of test pipe : 524mm
* Needle Valve included to regulate flow rate
length: 1000mm – Pipe section 1: acrylic 20×1.5mm – Pipe section 2: steel 1/2″ –
Smooth-bore pipes of various diameters Size – 6mm , 10mm, 17mm
Overall dimensions:
* Height : 1.05m form the ground level
* Width : 2.25m
* Depth : 0.43m
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Sudden enlargement
Sudden contraction
Ball Valve
Gate Valve
Globe valve
Inline strainer
Venturi made of clear acrylic
orifice palte made of clear acrylic
Pitot Static tube section made of clear acrylic
EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITIES
Laminar to turbulent flow regimes in pipes
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Description
The panel contains a pipe system with four radiators. Each radiator has an air bleed, a thermostatic valve and lockshield valve.
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Training panel on heating systems and plumbing
•4 radiators with thermostatic valve, air bleed and adjustable lock shield valve
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Learning Objectives / Experiments
– Variables affecting energy efficiency
* controller parameters
* refrigerant supercooling
– Interconnected operation of compressors
– Operation of a multicompressor controller
– Methods for returning oil in a multicompressor refrigeration system
– Representation of the thermodynamic cycle in the log p-h diagramSpecification
[1] Refrigeration system in multicompressor operation to investigate energy efficiency
[2] Refrigeration circuit with 3 compressors connected in parallel, condenser, thermostatic expansion valve and coaxial coil heat exchanger as evaporator
[3] Heat exchanger for refrigerant supercooling can be added via valves
[4] Glycol-water circuit includes pump and tank with heater serving as cooling load at the evaporator
[5] Multicompressor controller for the parallel operation of the compressors
[6] Separation of oil from the refrigerant on the delivery side and return to the intake side of the compressors
[7] Fan at the condenser with adjustable speed
[8] LabVIEW software for data acquisition via USB under Windows XP or Windows Vista
[9] Refrigerant R134a, CFC-free
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3 compressors
– refrigeration capacity: each 1584W at -10°C/55°C
– power consumption: each 1156W at -10°C/55°C
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– capacity: 4100W
– air flow: 1250m³/h
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Glycol-water mixture pump
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– max. head: 6m
Heater power: 3kW
Tank
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– refrigeration circuit receiver: 5,8L
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– pressure: 1x -1…9bar, 1x -1…24bar
– flow rate: 1x 1..25L/min
– compressor power: 0…4995W
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I.Production profile
The key feature of plate heat exchangers is their compact design, in which optimum use is made of all of the material for heat transfer. The pressed in profile on the plates creates narrow flow channels, in which significant turbulence occurs. The turbulent flow allows effective heat transfer even with low flow rates and also has a self-cleaning effect. Plate heat exchangers are used in the food industry, offshore technology, refrigeration and domestic engineering.
II.Equipment feature
The SR1158E Plate Heat Exchanger is part of a series of units enabling experiments to be performed on different heat exchanger types. The experimental unit is ideally suited for investigating the functioning and behaviour of a plate heat exchanger in operation.
The plate heat exchanger is made up of profiled plates with water flowing through the spaces between them. The plates are soldered in such a way that two separate flow channels are formed. These are one “cold” and one “hot” flow channel, in an alternating arrangement. Part of the thermal energy of the hot water is transferred to the cold water. Valves on the supply unit are used to adjust the flow rates of hot and cold water. The supply hose can be reconnected using quick-release couplings, allowing the flow direction to be reversed. This allows parallel flow or counter flow operationspecification
[1] plate heat exchanger for connection
[2] hot and cold water supply
[3] parallel flow and counterflow operation possible
[4] six soldered plates
[5] recording of temperature
Technical Data
6 plates, stainless steel
Heat transfer area: 480cm²
Dimensions and Weight
LxWxH: 400x230x85mm
Weight: approx. 3kg
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Learning Objectives / Experiments
– flow measurement
– differential pressure measurement
– effect of flow and surface roughness
– effect of the flow velocity
– effect of changes in pipe direction
Specification
[1] investigation of the pressure loss at pipe elements with different changes in pipe direction and materials
[2] pipe elements are commercially standard components in heating and sanitary engineering
[3] clear panel mounted on a sturdy, movable frame
[4] simply selection of the measuring sections via hose connection with quick-release couplings
[5] flow can be adjusted via valves
[6] flow measurement using rotameter
[7] differential pressure measurement via differential pressure meter with display
Technical Data
Measuring sections: 2300mm
– pipe section 1: steel, diameter: 1/2″, 90° pipe angle
– pipe section 2: steel, diameter: 1/2″, 90° pipe bend
– pipe section 3: copper, diameter: 18x1mm,90° pipe angle
– pipe section 4: copper, diameter: 18x1mm,90° pipe bend
Differential pressure meter
Measuring ranges- flow rate: 150…1600L/h- differential pressure: -350mbar…350mbar
Dimensions and Weight LxWxH: 1650x700x1850mmWeight: approx. 100kg
Required for Operation
Water connection: 1500L/h, drain
